8
Vision of the Ram and Goat
In the third year of the reign of Belshazzar the king a vision appeared to me, 1Lit I, DanielDaniel, subsequent to the one which appeared to me 2Lit at the beginningpreviously. I ANum 12:6; Dan 7:2, 15; 8:3looked in the vision, and while I was looking I was in the citadel of BNeh 1:1; Esth 1:2; 2:8Susa, which is in the province of CGen 10:22; 14:1; Is 11:11; Jer 25:25; Ezek 32:24Elam; and I looked in the vision and I myself was beside the Ulai 1Or riverCanal. Then I lifted my eyes and looked, and behold, a ADan 8:20ram which had two horns was standing in front of the 1Or rivercanal. Now the two horns were 2Lit high(er)long, but one was 2Lit high(er)longer than the other, with the 2Lit high(er)longer one coming up last. I saw the ram ADeut 33:17; 1 Kin 22:11; Ezek 34:21butting westward, northward, and southward, and no other beasts could stand before him nor was there anyone to rescue from his 1Lit handpower, but BDan 11:3he did as he pleased and magnified himself.
While I was observing, behold, a male goat was coming from the west over the surface of the whole earth without touching the ground; and the 1Lit buckgoat had a ADan 8:8, 21; 11:3conspicuous horn between his eyes. He came up to the ram that had the two horns, which I had seen standing in front of the 1Or rivercanal, and rushed at him in his mighty wrath. I saw him come beside the ram, and he was enraged at him; and he struck the ram and shattered his two horns, and the ram had no strength to withstand him. So he hurled him to the ground and trampled on him, and there was none to rescue the ram from his 1Lit handpower. Then the male goat magnified himself exceedingly. But as soon as A2 Chr 26:16; Dan 5:20he was mighty, the BDan 8:22large horn was broken; and in its place there came up four conspicuous horns toward the CDan 7:2; Rev 7:1four winds of heaven.
The Little Horn
Out of one of them came forth a rather ADan 8:23small horn which grew exceedingly great toward the south, toward the east, and toward the 1I.e. PalestineBPs 48:2; Dan 11:16, 41Beautiful Land. 10 It grew up to the host of heaven and caused some of the host and some of the AIs 14:13; Jer 48:26; Rev 12:4stars to fall to the earth, and it BDan 7:7; 8:7trampled them down. 11 It even A2 Kin 19:22, 23; 2 Chr 32:15-17; Is 37:23; Dan 8:25; 11:36, 37magnified itself 1Lit up to theto be equal with the 2Or PrinceCommander of the host; and it removed the BEzek 46:14; Dan 11:31; 12:11regular sacrifice from Him, and the place of His sanctuary was thrown down. 12 And on account of transgression the host will be given over to the horn along with the regular sacrifice; and it will AIs 59:14fling truth to the ground and perform its will and prosper. 13 Then I heard a ADan 4:13, 23; 1 Pet 1:12holy one speaking, and another holy one said to that particular one who was speaking, “BPs 74:10; 79:5; Is 6:11; Dan 12:6, 8; Rev 6:10How long will the vision about the regular sacrifice apply, 1Or possibly and the transgression that horrifieswhile the transgression causes horror, so as to allow both the holy place and the host 2Lit as a tramplingto be CIs 63:18; Jer 12:10; Luke 21:24; Heb 10:29; Rev 11:2trampled?” 14 He said to me, “For ADan 7:25; 12:7, 11; Rev 11:2, 3; 12:14; 13:52,300 evenings and mornings; then the holy place will be 1Lit vindicatedproperly restored.”
Interpretation of the Vision
15 When ADan 8:1I, Daniel, had seen the vision, I sought 1Lit understandingto understand it; and behold, standing before me was one 2Lit like the appearance of a manwho looked like a BDan 7:13; 10:16, 18man. 16 And I heard the voice of a man between the banks of Ulai, and he called out and said, “ADan 9:21; Luke 1:19, 26Gabriel, give this man an understanding of the vision.” 17 So he came near to where I was standing, and when he came I was frightened and AEzek 1:28; 44:4; Dan 2:46; Rev 1:17fell on my face; but he said to me, “Son of man, understand that the vision pertains to the BDan 8:19; 11:35, 40time of the end.”
18 Now while he was talking with me, I ADan 10:9; Luke 9:32sank into a deep sleep with my face to the ground; but he BEzek 2:2; Dan 10:10, 16, 18touched me and made me stand 1Lit on my standingupright. 19 He said, “Behold, I am going to ADan 8:15-17let you know what will occur at the final period of the indignation, for it pertains to the appointed time of the end.
The Ram’s Identity
20  “The ADan 8:3ram which you saw with the two horns represents the kings of Media and Persia.
The Goat
21  “The shaggy 1Lit buckgoat represents the 2Lit kingkingdom of Greece, and the large horn that is between his eyes is the first king. 22  “The ADan 8:8broken horn and the four horns that arose in its place represent four kingdoms which will arise from his nation, although not with his power.
23 “In the latter period of their 1Or kingdomrule,
When the transgressors have 2Lit finishedrun their course,
A king will arise,
3Lit Strong of faceInsolent and skilled in 4Or ambiguous speechintrigue.
24 “His power will be mighty, but not by his own power,
And he will 1Or corruptADan 8:11-13; 11:36; 12:7destroy to an extraordinary degree
And prosper and perform his will;
He will 1Or corruptdestroy mighty men and 2Lit people of the saintsthe holy people.
25 “And through his shrewdness
He will cause deceit to succeed by his 1Lit handinfluence;
And he will magnify himself in his heart,
And he will 2Or corruptdestroy many while they are 3Or secureat ease.
He will even 4Lit stand againstADan 8:11oppose the Prince of princes,
But he will be broken BJob 34:20; Dan 2:34, 45without 1Lit handhuman agency.
26 “The vision of the evenings and mornings
Which has been told is ADan 10:1true;
But BEzek 12:27; Dan 12:4, 9; Rev 22:10keep the vision secret,
For it pertains to many CDan 10:14days in the future.
27 Then I, Daniel, was 1Or done inADan 7:28; 8:17; Hab 3:16exhausted and sick for days. Then I got up again and BDan 2:48carried on the king’s business; but I was astounded at the vision, and there was none to 2Lit make me understandexplain it.

18:1 Lit I, Daniel

28:1 Lit at the beginning

A8:2 Num 12:6; Dan 7:2, 15; 8:3

B8:2 Neh 1:1; Esth 1:2; 2:8

C8:2 Gen 10:22; 14:1; Is 11:11; Jer 25:25; Ezek 32:24

18:2 Or river

A8:3 Dan 8:20

18:3 Or river

28:3 Lit high(er)

28:3 Lit high(er)

28:3 Lit high(er)

A8:4 Deut 33:17; 1 Kin 22:11; Ezek 34:21

18:4 Lit hand

B8:4 Dan 11:3

18:5 Lit buck

A8:5 Dan 8:8, 21; 11:3

18:6 Or river

18:7 Lit hand

A8:8 2 Chr 26:16; Dan 5:20

B8:8 Dan 8:22

C8:8 Dan 7:2; Rev 7:1

A8:9 Dan 8:23

18:9 I.e. Palestine

B8:9 Ps 48:2; Dan 11:16, 41

A8:10 Is 14:13; Jer 48:26; Rev 12:4

B8:10 Dan 7:7; 8:7

A8:11 2 Kin 19:22, 23; 2 Chr 32:15-17; Is 37:23; Dan 8:25; 11:36, 37

18:11 Lit up to the

28:11 Or Prince

B8:11 Ezek 46:14; Dan 11:31; 12:11

A8:12 Is 59:14

A8:13 Dan 4:13, 23; 1 Pet 1:12

B8:13 Ps 74:10; 79:5; Is 6:11; Dan 12:6, 8; Rev 6:10

18:13 Or possibly and the transgression that horrifies

28:13 Lit as a trampling

C8:13 Is 63:18; Jer 12:10; Luke 21:24; Heb 10:29; Rev 11:2

A8:14 Dan 7:25; 12:7, 11; Rev 11:2, 3; 12:14; 13:5

18:14 Lit vindicated

A8:15 Dan 8:1

18:15 Lit understanding

28:15 Lit like the appearance of a man

B8:15 Dan 7:13; 10:16, 18

A8:16 Dan 9:21; Luke 1:19, 26

A8:17 Ezek 1:28; 44:4; Dan 2:46; Rev 1:17

B8:17 Dan 8:19; 11:35, 40

A8:18 Dan 10:9; Luke 9:32

B8:18 Ezek 2:2; Dan 10:10, 16, 18

18:18 Lit on my standing

A8:19 Dan 8:15-17

A8:20 Dan 8:3

18:21 Lit buck

28:21 Lit king

A8:22 Dan 8:8

18:23 Or kingdom

28:23 Lit finished

38:23 Lit Strong of face

48:23 Or ambiguous speech

18:24 Or corrupt

A8:24 Dan 8:11-13; 11:36; 12:7

18:24 Or corrupt

28:24 Lit people of the saints

18:25 Lit hand

28:25 Or corrupt

38:25 Or secure

48:25 Lit stand against

A8:25 Dan 8:11

B8:25 Job 34:20; Dan 2:34, 45

18:25 Lit hand

A8:26 Dan 10:1

B8:26 Ezek 12:27; Dan 12:4, 9; Rev 22:10

C8:26 Dan 10:14

18:27 Or done in

A8:27 Dan 7:28; 8:17; Hab 3:16

B8:27 Dan 2:48

28:27 Lit make me understand