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The Twelve Disciples; Instructions for Service
Jesus AMark 3:13-15; 6:7summoned His twelve disciples and gave them authority over unclean spirits, to cast them out, and to BMatt 9:35; Luke 9:1heal every kind of disease and every kind of sickness.
AMatt 10:2-4: Mark 3:16-19; Luke 6:14-16; Acts 1:13Now the names of the twelve apostles are these: The first, BMatt 4:18Simon, who is called Peter, and BMatt 4:18Andrew his brother; and 1Or Jacob; James is the Eng form of JacobCMatt 4:21James the son of Zebedee, and 2Gr Joannes, Heb JohananJohn his brother; AJohn 1:43ffPhilip and 1I.e. son of Talmai (Aram)Bartholomew; BJohn 11:16; 14:5; 20:24ff; 21:2Thomas and CMatt 9:9Matthew the tax collector; 2Or JacobDMark 15:40James the son of Alphaeus, and EMark 3:18; Luke 6:16; Acts 1:13Thaddaeus; Simon the 1Or CananaeanZealot, and AMatt 26:14; Luke 22:3; John 6:71; 13:2, 26Judas Iscariot, the one who betrayed Him.
AMark 6:7; Luke 9:2These twelve Jesus sent out after instructing them: “Do not 1Or go offgo 2Or on the road of (Gr hodos: way or road)in the way of the Gentiles, and do not enter any city of the B2 Kin 17:24ff; Luke 9:52; 10:33; 17:16; John 4:9, 39f; 8:48; Acts 8:25Samaritans; but rather go to AMatt 15:24the lost sheep of the house of Israel.  “And as you go, 1Or proclaimpreach, saying, ‘AMatt 3:2The kingdom of heaven 2Lit has come nearis at hand.’  “Heal the sick, raise the dead, cleanse the lepers, cast out demons. Freely you received, freely give.  “AMatt 10:9-15: Mark 6:8-11; Luke 9:3-5; 10:4-12; Luke 22:35Do not acquire gold, or silver, or copper for your money belts, 10 or a 1Or knapsack, or beggar’s bagbag for your journey, or even two 2Or inner garmentscoats, or sandals, or a staff; for A1 Cor 9:14; 1 Tim 5:18the worker is worthy of his 3Lit nourishmentsupport. 11  “And whatever city or village you enter, inquire who is worthy in it, and stay 1Lit there untilat his house until you leave that city. 12  “As you enter the 1Or householdhouse, A1 Sam 25:6; Ps 122:7, 8give it your 2I.e. the familiar Heb blessing, “Peace be to this house!”greeting. 13  “If the house is worthy, 1Lit your peace is to come upon itgive it your blessing of peace. But if it is not worthy, 2Lit your peace is to return to youtake back your blessing of peace. 14  “Whoever does not receive you, nor heed your words, as you go out of that house or that city, AActs 13:51shake the dust off your feet. 15  “Truly I say to you, AMatt 11:22, 24it will be more tolerable for the land of BMatt 11:24; 2 Pet 2:6; Jude 7Sodom and Gomorrah in CMatt 7:22; 11:22, 24; 12:36; Acts 17:31; 1 Thess 5:4; Heb 10:25; 2 Pet 2:9; 3:7; 1 John 4:17; Jude 6the day of judgment than for that city.
A Hard Road before Them
16 ALuke 10:3Behold, I send you out as sheep in the midst of wolves; so 1Or show yourselves to bebe BGen 3:1; Matt 24:25; Rom 16:19shrewd as serpents and CHos 7:11innocent as doves. 17  “But beware of men, for they will hand you over to the AMatt 5:22courts and scourge you BMatt 23:34; Mark 13:9; Luke 12:11; Acts 5:40; 22:19; 26:11in their synagogues; 18 and you will even be brought before governors and kings for My sake, as a testimony to them and to the Gentiles. 19  “AMatt 10:19-22: Mark 13:11-13; Luke 21:12-17But when they hand you over, BMatt 6:25; Luke 12:11, 12do not worry about how or what you are to say; for it will be given you in that hour what you are to say. 20  “For ALuke 12:12; Acts 4:8; 13:9; 2 Cor 13:3it is not you who speak, but it is the Spirit of your Father who speaks in you.
21 AMatt 10:35, 36; Mark 13:12Brother will betray brother to death, and a father his child; and BMic 7:6children will rise up against parents and 1Lit put them to deathcause them to be put to death. 22  “AMatt 24:9; Luke 21:17; John 15:18ffYou will be hated by all because of My name, but BMatt 24:13; Mark 13:13it is the one who has endured to the end who will be saved.
23 “But whenever they AMatt 23:34persecute you in 1Lit thisone city, flee to 2Lit the otherthe next; for truly I say to you, you will not finish going through the cities of Israel BMatt 16:27funtil the Son of Man comes.
The Meaning of Discipleship
24 ALuke 6:40; John 13:16; 15:20A 1Or studentdisciple is not above his teacher, nor a slave above his master. 25  “It is enough for the disciple that he become like his teacher, and the slave like his master. AMatt 9:34If they have called the head of the house 1Or Beezebul: ruler of demonsB2 Kin 1:2; Matt 12:24, 27; Mark 3:22; Luke 11:15, 18, 19Beelzebul, how much more will they malign the members of his household!
26 “Therefore do not AMatt 10:26-33: Luke 12:2-9fear them, BMark 4:22; Luke 8:17; 12:2; 1 Cor 4:5for there is nothing concealed that will not be revealed, or hidden that will not be known. 27  “ALuke 12:3What I tell you in the darkness, speak in the light; and what you hear whispered in your ear, proclaim BMatt 24:17; Acts 5:20upon the housetops. 28  “Do not fear those who kill the body but are unable to kill the soul; but rather AHeb 10:31fear Him who is able to destroy both soul and body in 1Gr GehennaBMatt 5:22; Luke 12:5hell. 29  “ALuke 12:6Are not two sparrows sold for a 1Gr assarion, the smallest copper coincent? And yet not one of them will fall to the ground apart from your Father. 30  “But A1 Sam 14:45; 2 Sam 14:11; 1 Kin 1:52; Luke 21:18; Acts 27:34the very hairs of your head are all numbered. 31  “So do not fear; AMatt 12:12you are more valuable than many sparrows.
32 “Therefore ALuke 12:8; Rev 3:5everyone who 1Lit will confess in Meconfesses Me before men, I will also confess 2Lit in himhim before My Father who is in heaven. 33  “But AMark 8:38; Luke 9:26; 2 Tim 2:12whoever 1Lit will denydenies Me before men, I will also deny him before My Father who is in heaven.
34 AMatt 10:34, 35: Luke 12:51-53Do not think that I came to 1Lit castbring peace on the earth; I did not come to bring peace, but a sword. 35  “For I came to AMic 7:6; Matt 10:21; Luke 12:53sᴇᴛ ᴀ ᴍᴀɴ ᴀɢᴀɪɴsᴛ ʜɪs ꜰᴀᴛʜᴇʀ, ᴀɴᴅ ᴀ ᴅᴀᴜɢʜᴛᴇʀ ᴀɢᴀɪɴsᴛ ʜᴇʀ ᴍoᴛʜᴇʀ, ᴀɴᴅ ᴀ ᴅᴀᴜɢʜᴛᴇʀ-ɪɴ-ʟᴀw ᴀɢᴀɪɴsᴛ ʜᴇʀ ᴍoᴛʜᴇʀ-ɪɴ-ʟᴀw; 36 and AMic 7:6; Matt 10:21ᴀ ᴍᴀɴ’s ᴇɴᴇᴍɪᴇs wɪʟʟ ʙᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ᴍᴇᴍʙᴇʀs oꜰ ʜɪs ʜoᴜsᴇʜoʟᴅ.
37 ADeut 33:9; Luke 14:26He who loves father or mother more than Me is not worthy of Me; and he who loves son or daughter more than Me is not worthy of Me. 38  “And AMatt 16:24; Mark 8:34; Luke 9:23; 14:27he who does not take his cross and follow after Me is not worthy of Me. 39  “AMatt 16:25; Mark 8:35; Luke 9:24; 17:33; John 12:25He who has found his 1Or soullife will lose it, and he who has lost his 1Or soullife for My sake will find it.
The Reward of Service
40 AMatt 18:5; Luke 10:16; John 13:20; Gal 4:14He who receives you receives Me, and BMark 9:37; Luke 9:48; John 12:44he who receives Me receives Him who sent Me. 41  “AMatt 25:44, 45He who receives a prophet in the name of a prophet shall receive a prophet’s reward; and he who receives a righteous man in the name of a righteous man shall receive a righteous man’s reward. 42  “And AMatt 25:40; Mark 9:41whoever in the name of a disciple gives to one of these 1I.e. humblelittle ones even a cup of cold water to drink, truly I say to you, he shall not lose his reward.”

A10:1 Mark 3:13-15; 6:7

B10:1 Matt 9:35; Luke 9:1

A10:2 Matt 10:2-4: Mark 3:16-19; Luke 6:14-16; Acts 1:13

B10:2 Matt 4:18

B10:2 Matt 4:18

110:2 Or Jacob; James is the Eng form of Jacob

C10:2 Matt 4:21

210:2 Gr Joannes, Heb Johanan

A10:3 John 1:43ff

110:3 I.e. son of Talmai (Aram)

B10:3 John 11:16; 14:5; 20:24ff; 21:2

C10:3 Matt 9:9

210:3 Or Jacob

D10:3 Mark 15:40

E10:3 Mark 3:18; Luke 6:16; Acts 1:13

110:4 Or Cananaean

A10:4 Matt 26:14; Luke 22:3; John 6:71; 13:2, 26

A10:5 Mark 6:7; Luke 9:2

110:5 Or go off

210:5 Or on the road of (Gr hodos: way or road)

B10:5 2 Kin 17:24ff; Luke 9:52; 10:33; 17:16; John 4:9, 39f; 8:48; Acts 8:25

A10:6 Matt 15:24

110:7 Or proclaim

A10:7 Matt 3:2

210:7 Lit has come near

A10:9 Matt 10:9-15: Mark 6:8-11; Luke 9:3-5; 10:4-12; Luke 22:35

110:10 Or knapsack, or beggar’s bag

210:10 Or inner garments

A10:10 1 Cor 9:14; 1 Tim 5:18

310:10 Lit nourishment

110:11 Lit there until

110:12 Or household

A10:12 1 Sam 25:6; Ps 122:7, 8

210:12 I.e. the familiar Heb blessing, “Peace be to this house!”

110:13 Lit your peace is to come upon it

210:13 Lit your peace is to return to you

A10:14 Acts 13:51

A10:15 Matt 11:22, 24

B10:15 Matt 11:24; 2 Pet 2:6; Jude 7

C10:15 Matt 7:22; 11:22, 24; 12:36; Acts 17:31; 1 Thess 5:4; Heb 10:25; 2 Pet 2:9; 3:7; 1 John 4:17; Jude 6

A10:16 Luke 10:3

110:16 Or show yourselves to be

B10:16 Gen 3:1; Matt 24:25; Rom 16:19

C10:16 Hos 7:11

A10:17 Matt 5:22

B10:17 Matt 23:34; Mark 13:9; Luke 12:11; Acts 5:40; 22:19; 26:11

A10:19 Matt 10:19-22: Mark 13:11-13; Luke 21:12-17

B10:19 Matt 6:25; Luke 12:11, 12

A10:20 Luke 12:12; Acts 4:8; 13:9; 2 Cor 13:3

A10:21 Matt 10:35, 36; Mark 13:12

B10:21 Mic 7:6

110:21 Lit put them to death

A10:22 Matt 24:9; Luke 21:17; John 15:18ff

B10:22 Matt 24:13; Mark 13:13

A10:23 Matt 23:34

110:23 Lit this

210:23 Lit the other

B10:23 Matt 16:27f

A10:24 Luke 6:40; John 13:16; 15:20

110:24 Or student

A10:25 Matt 9:34

110:25 Or Beezebul: ruler of demons

B10:25 2 Kin 1:2; Matt 12:24, 27; Mark 3:22; Luke 11:15, 18, 19

A10:26 Matt 10:26-33: Luke 12:2-9

B10:26 Mark 4:22; Luke 8:17; 12:2; 1 Cor 4:5

A10:27 Luke 12:3

B10:27 Matt 24:17; Acts 5:20

A10:28 Heb 10:31

110:28 Gr Gehenna

B10:28 Matt 5:22; Luke 12:5

A10:29 Luke 12:6

110:29 Gr assarion, the smallest copper coin

A10:30 1 Sam 14:45; 2 Sam 14:11; 1 Kin 1:52; Luke 21:18; Acts 27:34

A10:31 Matt 12:12

A10:32 Luke 12:8; Rev 3:5

110:32 Lit will confess in Me

210:32 Lit in him

A10:33 Mark 8:38; Luke 9:26; 2 Tim 2:12

110:33 Lit will deny

A10:34 Matt 10:34, 35: Luke 12:51-53

110:34 Lit cast

A10:35 Mic 7:6; Matt 10:21; Luke 12:53

A10:36 Mic 7:6; Matt 10:21

A10:37 Deut 33:9; Luke 14:26

A10:38 Matt 16:24; Mark 8:34; Luke 9:23; 14:27

A10:39 Matt 16:25; Mark 8:35; Luke 9:24; 17:33; John 12:25

110:39 Or soul

110:39 Or soul

A10:40 Matt 18:5; Luke 10:16; John 13:20; Gal 4:14

B10:40 Mark 9:37; Luke 9:48; John 12:44

A10:41 Matt 25:44, 45

A10:42 Matt 25:40; Mark 9:41

110:42 I.e. humble