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The Sermon on the Mount; The Beatitudes
AMatt ch 5-7; Luke 6:20-49When Jesus saw the crowds, He went up on BMark 3:13; Luke 6:17; 9:28; John 6:3, 15the 1Or hillmountain; and after He sat down, His disciples came to Him. AMatt 13:35; Acts 8:35; 10:34; 18:14He opened His mouth and began to teach them, saying,
1I.e. fortunate or prosperous, and so through v 11AMatt 5:3-12; Luke 6:20-23Blessed are the 2I.e. those who are not spiritually arrogantpoor in spirit, for BMatt 5:10; 19:14; 25:34; Mark 10:14; Luke 6:20; 22:29ftheirs is the kingdom of heaven.
“Blessed are AIs 61:2; John 16:20; Rev 7:17those who mourn, for they shall be comforted.
“Blessed are APs 37:11the 1Or humble, meekgentle, for they shall inherit the earth.
“Blessed are AIs 55:1, 2; John 4:14; 6:48ff; 7:37those who hunger and thirst for righteousness, for they shall be satisfied.
“Blessed are AProv 11:17; Matt 6:14, 15; 18:33-35the merciful, for they shall receive mercy.
“Blessed are APs 24:4the pure in heart, for BHeb 12:14; 1 John 3:2; Rev 22:4they shall see God.
“Blessed are the peacemakers, for AMatt 5:45; Luke 6:35; Rom 8:14they shall be called sons of God.
10 “Blessed are those who have been A1 Pet 3:14persecuted for the sake of righteousness, for BMatt 5:3; 19:14; 25:34; Mark 10:14; Luke 6:20; 22:29ftheirs is the kingdom of heaven.
11 “Blessed are you when people A1 Pet 4:14insult you and persecute you, and falsely say all kinds of evil against you because of Me. 12  “Rejoice and be glad, for your reward in heaven is great; for A2 Chr 36:16; Matt 23:37; Acts 7:52; 1 Thess 2:15; Heb 11:33ff; James 5:10in the same way they persecuted the prophets who were before you.
Disciples and the World
13 “You are the salt of the earth; but AMark 9:50; Luke 14:34fif the salt has become tasteless, how 1Lit willcan it be made salty again? It is no longer good for anything, except to be thrown out and trampled under foot by men.
14 “You are AProv 4:18; John 8:12; 9:5; 12:36the light of the world. A city set on a 1Or mountainhill cannot be hidden; 15 AMark 4:21; Luke 8:16; 11:33; Phil 2:15nor does anyone light a lamp and put it under a 1Or peck-measurebasket, but on the lampstand, and it gives light to all who are in the house. 16  “Let your light shine before men in such a way that they may A1 Pet 2:12see your good works, and BMatt 9:8glorify your Father who is in heaven.
17 “Do not think that I came to abolish the AMatt 7:12Law or the Prophets; I did not come to abolish but to fulfill. 18  “For truly I say to you, AMatt 24:35; Luke 16:17until heaven and earth pass away, not 1Lit one iota (Heb yodh) or one projection of a letter (serif)the smallest letter or stroke shall pass from the Law until all is accomplished. 19  “Whoever then annuls one of the least of these commandments, and teaches 1Gr anthropoiothers to do the same, shall be called least AMatt 11:11in the kingdom of heaven; but whoever 2Lit doeskeeps and teaches them, he shall be called great in the kingdom of heaven.
20 “For I say to you that unless your ALuke 18:11, 12righteousness surpasses that of the scribes and Pharisees, you will not enter the kingdom of heaven.
Personal Relationships
21 AMatt 5:27, 33, 38, 43You have heard that 1Lit it was said to the ancientsthe ancients were told, ‘BEx 20:13; Deut 5:17Yoᴜ sʜᴀʟʟ ɴoᴛ coᴍᴍɪᴛ ᴍᴜʀᴅᴇʀ’ and ‘Whoever commits murder shall be 2Or guilty beforeliable to CDeut 16:18; 2 Chr 19:5fthe court.’ 22  “But I say to you that everyone who is angry with his brother shall be 1Or liable toguilty before ADeut 16:18; 2 Chr 19:5fthe court; and whoever says to his brother, ‘2Or empty-head; Gr Raka (Raca) fr Aram reqaYou good-for-nothing,’ shall be 1Or liable toguilty before 3Lit the SanhedrinBMatt 10:17; 26:59; Mark 13:9; 14:55; 15:1; Luke 22:66; John 11:47; Acts 4:15; 5:21; 6:12; 22:30; 23:1; 24:20the supreme court; and whoever says, ‘You fool,’ shall be 1Or liable toguilty enough to go into the 4Lit Gehenna of fireCMatt 5:29f; 10:28; 18:9; 23:15, 33; Mark 9:43ff; Luke 12:5; James 3:6fiery hell. 23  “Therefore if you are AMatt 5:24presenting your 1Or giftoffering at the altar, and there remember that your brother has something against you, 24 leave your 1Or giftoffering there before the altar and go; first be ARom 12:17, 18reconciled to your brother, and then come and present your 1Or giftoffering. 25  “AProv 25:8f; Luke 12:58Make friends quickly with your opponent at law while you are with him on the way, so that your opponent may not hand you over to the judge, and the judge to the officer, and you be thrown into prison. 26  “Truly I say to you, ALuke 12:59you will not come out of there until you have paid up the last 1Lit quadrans (equaling two mites); i.e. 1/64 of a daily wagecent.
27 AMatt 5:21, 33, 38, 43You have heard that it was said, ‘BEx 20:14; Deut 5:18Yoᴜ sʜᴀʟʟ ɴoᴛ coᴍᴍɪᴛ ᴀᴅᴜʟᴛᴇʀʏ’; 28 but I say to you that everyone who looks at a woman A2 Sam 11:2-5; Job 31:1; Matt 15:19; James 1:14, 15with lust for her has already committed adultery with her in his heart. 29  “AMatt 18:9; Mark 9:47If your right eye makes you 1I.e. sinstumble, tear it out and throw it from you; for it is better for you 2Lit that one...be lostto lose one of the parts of your body, 3Lit not your whole bodythan for your whole body to be thrown into 4Gr GehennaBMatt 5:22hell. 30  “AMatt 18:8; Mark 9:43If your right hand makes you 1I.e. sinstumble, cut it off and throw it from you; for it is better for you 2Lit that one...be lostto lose one of the parts of your body, 3Lit not your whole bodythan for your whole body to go into 4Gr GehennaBMatt 5:22hell.
31 “It was said, ‘ADeut 24:1, 3; Jer 3:1; Matt 19:7; Mark 10:4Wʜoᴇvᴇʀ sᴇɴᴅs ʜɪs wɪꜰᴇ ᴀwᴀʏ, ʟᴇᴛ ʜɪᴍ ɢɪvᴇ ʜᴇʀ ᴀ cᴇʀᴛɪꜰɪcᴀᴛᴇ oꜰ ᴅɪvoʀcᴇ’; 32 AMatt 19:9; Mark 10:11f; Luke 16:18; 1 Cor 7:11fbut I say to you that everyone who 1Or sends awaydivorces his wife, except for the reason of unchastity, makes her commit adultery; and whoever marries a 2Or sent awaydivorced woman commits adultery.
33 “Again, AMatt 5:21, 27, 38, 43; 23:16ffyou have heard that 1Lit it was said to the ancientsthe ancients were told, ‘2you and your are singular hereBLev 19:12; Num 30:2; Deut 23:21, 23Yoᴜ sʜᴀʟʟ ɴoᴛ 3Or break your vowsᴍᴀᴋᴇ ꜰᴀʟsᴇ vows, ʙᴜᴛ sʜᴀʟʟ ꜰᴜʟꜰɪʟʟ ʏoᴜʀ 4Lit oathsvows ᴛo ᴛʜᴇ Loʀᴅ.’ 34  “But I say to you, AJames 5:12make no oath at all, either by heaven, for it is BIs 66:1; Matt 23:22the throne of God, 35 or by the earth, for it is the AIs 66:1; Acts 7:49footstool of His feet, or 1Or towardby Jerusalem, for it is BPs 48:2ᴛʜᴇ cɪᴛʏ oꜰ ᴛʜᴇ ɢʀᴇᴀᴛ Kɪɴɢ. 36  “Nor shall you make an oath by your head, for you cannot make one hair white or black. 37  “But let your statement be, ‘Yes, yes’ or ‘No, no’; anything beyond these is 1Or from the evil oneof AMatt 6:13; 13:19, 38; John 17:15; 2 Thess 3:3; 1 John 2:13f; 3:12; 5:18fevil.
38 AMatt 5:21, 27, 33, 43You have heard that it was said, ‘BEx 21:24; Lev 24:20; Deut 19:21Aɴ ᴇʏᴇ ꜰoʀ ᴀɴ ᴇʏᴇ, ᴀɴᴅ ᴀ ᴛooᴛʜ ꜰoʀ ᴀ ᴛooᴛʜ.’ 39  “But I say to you, do not resist an evil person; but AMatt 5:39-42: Luke 6:29, 30; 1 Cor 6:7whoever slaps you on your right cheek, turn the other to him also. 40  “If anyone wants to sue you and take your 1Lit tunic; i.e. a garment worn next to the bodyshirt, let him have your 2Lit cloak; i.e. an outer garmentcoat also. 41  “Whoever 1Lit will forceforces you to go one mile, go with him two. 42  “ADeut 15:7-11; Luke 6:34f; 1 Tim 6:18Give to him who asks of you, and do not turn away from him who wants to borrow from you.
43 AMatt 5:21, 27, 33, 38You have heard that it was said, ‘BLev 19:18Yoᴜ sʜᴀʟʟ ʟovᴇ ʏoᴜʀ ɴᴇɪɢʜʙoʀ CDeut 23:3-6and hate your enemy.’ 44  “But I say to you, ALuke 6:27f; 23:34; Acts 7:60; Rom 12:20love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you, 45 so that you may 1Or show yourselves to bebe AMatt 5:9; Luke 6:35; Acts 14:17sons of your Father who is in heaven; for He causes His sun to rise on the evil and the good, and sends rain on the righteous and the unrighteous. 46  “For ALuke 6:32if you love those who love you, what reward do you have? Do not even the tax collectors do the same? 47  “If you greet only your brothers, what more are you doing than others? Do not even the Gentiles do the same? 48  “Therefore 1Lit you shall beALev 19:2; Deut 18:13; 2 Cor 7:1; Phil 3:12-15you are to be perfect, as your heavenly Father is perfect.

A5:1 Matt ch 5-7; Luke 6:20-49

B5:1 Mark 3:13; Luke 6:17; 9:28; John 6:3, 15

15:1 Or hill

A5:2 Matt 13:35; Acts 8:35; 10:34; 18:14

15:3 I.e. fortunate or prosperous, and so through v 11

A5:3 Matt 5:3-12; Luke 6:20-23

25:3 I.e. those who are not spiritually arrogant

B5:3 Matt 5:10; 19:14; 25:34; Mark 10:14; Luke 6:20; 22:29f

A5:4 Is 61:2; John 16:20; Rev 7:17

A5:5 Ps 37:11

15:5 Or humble, meek

A5:6 Is 55:1, 2; John 4:14; 6:48ff; 7:37

A5:7 Prov 11:17; Matt 6:14, 15; 18:33-35

A5:8 Ps 24:4

B5:8 Heb 12:14; 1 John 3:2; Rev 22:4

A5:9 Matt 5:45; Luke 6:35; Rom 8:14

A5:10 1 Pet 3:14

B5:10 Matt 5:3; 19:14; 25:34; Mark 10:14; Luke 6:20; 22:29f

A5:11 1 Pet 4:14

A5:12 2 Chr 36:16; Matt 23:37; Acts 7:52; 1 Thess 2:15; Heb 11:33ff; James 5:10

A5:13 Mark 9:50; Luke 14:34f

15:13 Lit will

A5:14 Prov 4:18; John 8:12; 9:5; 12:36

15:14 Or mountain

A5:15 Mark 4:21; Luke 8:16; 11:33; Phil 2:15

15:15 Or peck-measure

A5:16 1 Pet 2:12

B5:16 Matt 9:8

A5:17 Matt 7:12

A5:18 Matt 24:35; Luke 16:17

15:18 Lit one iota (Heb yodh) or one projection of a letter (serif)

15:19 Gr anthropoi

A5:19 Matt 11:11

25:19 Lit does

A5:20 Luke 18:11, 12

A5:21 Matt 5:27, 33, 38, 43

15:21 Lit it was said to the ancients

B5:21 Ex 20:13; Deut 5:17

25:21 Or guilty before

C5:21 Deut 16:18; 2 Chr 19:5f

15:22 Or liable to

A5:22 Deut 16:18; 2 Chr 19:5f

25:22 Or empty-head; Gr Raka (Raca) fr Aram reqa

15:22 Or liable to

35:22 Lit the Sanhedrin

B5:22 Matt 10:17; 26:59; Mark 13:9; 14:55; 15:1; Luke 22:66; John 11:47; Acts 4:15; 5:21; 6:12; 22:30; 23:1; 24:20

15:22 Or liable to

45:22 Lit Gehenna of fire

C5:22 Matt 5:29f; 10:28; 18:9; 23:15, 33; Mark 9:43ff; Luke 12:5; James 3:6

A5:23 Matt 5:24

15:23 Or gift

15:24 Or gift

A5:24 Rom 12:17, 18

15:24 Or gift

A5:25 Prov 25:8f; Luke 12:58

A5:26 Luke 12:59

15:26 Lit quadrans (equaling two mites); i.e. 1/64 of a daily wage

A5:27 Matt 5:21, 33, 38, 43

B5:27 Ex 20:14; Deut 5:18

A5:28 2 Sam 11:2-5; Job 31:1; Matt 15:19; James 1:14, 15

A5:29 Matt 18:9; Mark 9:47

15:29 I.e. sin

25:29 Lit that one...be lost

35:29 Lit not your whole body

45:29 Gr Gehenna

B5:29 Matt 5:22

A5:30 Matt 18:8; Mark 9:43

15:30 I.e. sin

25:30 Lit that one...be lost

35:30 Lit not your whole body

45:30 Gr Gehenna

B5:30 Matt 5:22

A5:31 Deut 24:1, 3; Jer 3:1; Matt 19:7; Mark 10:4

A5:32 Matt 19:9; Mark 10:11f; Luke 16:18; 1 Cor 7:11f

15:32 Or sends away

25:32 Or sent away

A5:33 Matt 5:21, 27, 38, 43; 23:16ff

15:33 Lit it was said to the ancients

25:33 you and your are singular here

B5:33 Lev 19:12; Num 30:2; Deut 23:21, 23

35:33 Or break your vows

45:33 Lit oaths

A5:34 James 5:12

B5:34 Is 66:1; Matt 23:22

A5:35 Is 66:1; Acts 7:49

15:35 Or toward

B5:35 Ps 48:2

15:37 Or from the evil one

A5:37 Matt 6:13; 13:19, 38; John 17:15; 2 Thess 3:3; 1 John 2:13f; 3:12; 5:18f

A5:38 Matt 5:21, 27, 33, 43

B5:38 Ex 21:24; Lev 24:20; Deut 19:21

A5:39 Matt 5:39-42: Luke 6:29, 30; 1 Cor 6:7

15:40 Lit tunic; i.e. a garment worn next to the body

25:40 Lit cloak; i.e. an outer garment

15:41 Lit will force

A5:42 Deut 15:7-11; Luke 6:34f; 1 Tim 6:18

A5:43 Matt 5:21, 27, 33, 38

B5:43 Lev 19:18

C5:43 Deut 23:3-6

A5:44 Luke 6:27f; 23:34; Acts 7:60; Rom 12:20

15:45 Or show yourselves to be

A5:45 Matt 5:9; Luke 6:35; Acts 14:17

A5:46 Luke 6:32

15:48 Lit you shall be

A5:48 Lev 19:2; Deut 18:13; 2 Cor 7:1; Phil 3:12-15